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Forced marriage is a serious violation of human rights where one or both people are pressured into marriage without their free consent. This pressure can involve physical force, threats, or emotional manipulation, and it denies a person their basic right to choose. Early years practitioners, especially those in nurseries and preschools, have an important role in safeguarding children and families from this form of abuse.

Forced Marriage and Safeguarding

Forced marriage differs from arranged marriage. In an arranged marriage, both parties agree to the union. In a forced marriage, there is no true choice. Practitioners need to understand this distinction to protect vulnerable families and children from harm.

Key Aspects Practitioners Should Be Aware Of

1. Lack of Consent

In a forced marriage, consent is either missing or manipulated. This often involves threats or deception, meaning the person feels they have no real choice. For young children in certain communities, forced marriage may be an expectation they face as they grow older.

2. Types of Coercion

• Physical Force: Some are forced into marriage through violence or threats.

• Emotional Pressure: Family members may use guilt or threats to make a person agree.

• Psychological Manipulation: This can involve isolating a person or convincing them they have no other options.

Early years practitioners are often trusted figures in a child's life, so they should be vigilant for signs that a family may be at risk of these coercive tactics.

Understanding the Impact on Women and Children

Forced marriage affects both men and women, but women and girls are more often impacted. Cultural or religious traditions can put significant pressure on families to uphold certain customs, often related to family honour. This makes young girls in these families particularly vulnerable. Practitioners should recognize cultural pressures but prioritise the safeguarding and welfare of each child.

Legal Obligations in Safeguarding

Many countries have laws that make forced marriage a crime. In the UK, forced marriage is illegal, and it’s recognised as a child protection issue. Nurseries and preschools have a duty to report any concerns they might have about forced marriage. If a practitioner suspects that a child or their family member is at risk, they should follow safeguarding policies and contact the appropriate authorities.

Signs and Consequences of Forced Marriage

Victims of forced marriage often suffer serious long-term consequences, including mental health issues, loss of educational opportunities, and social isolation. Practitioners should be alert to children who may show signs of anxiety, depression, or unusual family pressure. In some cases, families may remove children from education altogether to prepare them for marriage, which is a significant safeguarding concern.

What Practitioners Can Do

1. Be Observant

Watch for signs that a child or family may be at risk, such as frequent absences, sudden family trips, or changes in behaviour. Children from at-risk families may also speak about family expectations or pressures that seem out of place for their age.

2. Provide a Safe Space

Practitioners can make sure children feel safe and supported in the nursery or preschool setting. Staff should make it clear to children and families that their facility supports autonomy, choice, and protection from harm.

3. Follow Safeguarding Policies

If there are concerns, staff should follow established safeguarding procedures. Forced marriage is a serious safeguarding issue and should be reported to the designated safeguarding lead in the setting, who will take further action with local authorities.

4. Educate and Raise Awareness

Education and awareness are key in preventing forced marriage. By educating families about the rights of individuals and the importance of choice, practitioners help break harmful traditions and empower families.

Conclusion

Forced marriage violates the basic rights of individuals, and for children, it’s a significant safeguarding risk. Early years practitioners play a vital role in identifying and protecting children and families from this harm. With vigilance, education, and adherence to safeguarding policies, nursery and preschool staff can support vulnerable children and help create a safer, more inclusive community for everyone.