Good nutrition is essential for young children’s growth, development, and overall well-being. In the early years, a balanced diet supports brain function, physical health, emotional stability, and immune system strength. Nurseries and preschools play a vital role in ensuring children receive the right nutrients to thrive, helping to establish healthy eating habits that last a lifetime.

Why Nutrition Matters in the Early Years

1. Supports Growth and Development

Children grow rapidly in the early years, and their bodies need a variety of nutrients to support this process. Key elements include:

• Protein for muscle and tissue development

• Calcium and vitamin D for strong bones and teeth

• Iron for healthy blood and cognitive function

• Omega-3 fatty acids for brain development and concentration

A well-balanced diet ensures that children have the energy and nutrients needed to reach key developmental milestones.

2. Enhances Cognitive Function and Learning

What children eat directly affects their ability to focus, learn, and engage in activities. Nutrient-rich foods help with:

• Memory and concentration, improving learning outcomes

• Stable energy levels, preventing sluggishness or hyperactivity

• Good mood and behaviour, reducing irritability and tantrums

Sugary snacks and processed foods can cause energy crashes and affect children’s ability to regulate their emotions. Encouraging whole foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy proteins provides a steady supply of energy and brain fuel.

3. Boosts the Immune System

Young children are more vulnerable to illnesses, and good nutrition strengthens their immune defences. Essential nutrients include:

• Vitamin C (found in citrus fruits and peppers) to fight infections

• Zinc (in meat, dairy, and nuts) to support healing and immune response

• Probiotics (in yoghurt and fermented foods) for gut health

By promoting a diet rich in immune-boosting foods, early years settings can help reduce the frequency and severity of common illnesses.

The Role of Early Years Settings in Promoting Good Nutrition

1. Providing Balanced Meals and Snacks

Nurseries and preschools should offer meals and snacks that are nutritious, balanced, and low in added sugar and salt. A varied menu with fresh, unprocessed foods ensures children get all the necessary nutrients.

2. Educating Children About Healthy Eating

Encouraging children to understand and enjoy healthy food choices can set positive habits for life. This can include:

• Making mealtimes social and enjoyable

• Teaching about different food groups through play and storytelling

• Encouraging children to try new foods in a supportive way

3. Managing Allergies and Dietary Needs

Food allergies and intolerances are a growing concern in early years settings. Robust policies should include:

• Clear communication with parents about dietary requirements

• Staff training on recognising and responding to allergic reactions

• Procedures to prevent cross-contamination in food preparation

Preventing Food-Related Incidents in Early Years Settings

Choking and allergic reactions are two key food safety risks in nurseries. Staff must be vigilant and follow best practices, including:

• Avoiding choking hazards: Cutting food into appropriate sizes (e.g., halving grapes, grating hard vegetables)

• Supervising mealtimes: Ensuring children are seated and eating at a calm pace

• Allergy awareness: Knowing each child’s dietary needs and having emergency procedures in place

Nutrition plays a fundamental role in the well-being of early years children, influencing their physical health, cognitive development, emotional stability, and immunity. Early years settings have a responsibility to provide balanced meals, educate children about healthy eating, and implement safety measures to prevent food-related incidents. By fostering good nutrition from an early age, nurseries and preschools can help lay the foundation for a lifetime of healthy habits.